@article{13382,
  keywords = {Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Biotechnology, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials},
  author = {Guan Gui and Nathan Brooks and Bin Wang and Henry Kapteyn and Margaret Murnane and Chen-Ting Liao},
  title = {Single-Frame Characterization of Ultrafast Pulses with Spatiotemporal Orbital Angular Momentum},
  abstract = {<p>Light that carries spatiotemporal orbital angular momentum (ST-OAM) makes possible new types of optical vortices arising from transverse OAM. ST-OAM pulses exhibit novel properties during propagation, transmission, refraction, diffraction, and nonlinear conversion, attracting growing experimental and theoretical interest and studies. However, one major challenge is the lack of a simple and straightforward method for characterizing ultrafast ST-OAM pulses. Using spatially resolved spectral interferometry, we demonstrate a simple, stationary, single-frame method to quantitatively characterize ultrashort light pulses carrying ST-OAM. Using our method, the presence of an ST-OAM pulse, including its main characteristics such as topological charge numbers and OAM helicity, can be identified easily from the unique and unambiguous features directly seen on the raw data─without any need for a full analysis of the data. After processing and reconstructions, other exquisite features, including pulse dispersion and beam divergence, can also be fully characterized. Our fast characterization method allows high-throughput and quick feedback during the generation and optical alignment processes of ST-OAM pulses. It is straightforward to extend our method to single-shot measurement by using a high-speed camera that matches the pulse repetition rate. This new method can help advance the field of spatially and temporally structured light and its applications in advanced metrologies.</p>
},
  year = {2022},
  journal = {ACS Photonics},
  volume = {9},
  pages = {2802-2808},
  month = {2022-07},
  publisher = {American Chemical Society (ACS)},
  issn = {2330-4022, 2330-4022},
  doi = {10.1021/acsphotonics.2c00626},
}